Adam and humanity are cursed to die and return to the earth (or ground) from which he was formed. After the loss of innocence, God curses Adam and the earth as punishment for his disobedience. Connection to the earthĪ recurring literary motif is the bond between Adam and the earth ( adamah): God creates Adam by molding him out of clay in the final stages of the creation narrative. ![]() Genesis 2:7 is the first verse where "Adam" takes on the sense of an individual man (the first man), and the context of sex is absent the gender distinction of "adam" is then reiterated in Genesis 5:1–2 by defining "male and female". ![]() In Genesis 1:27 "adam" is used in the collective sense, and the interplay between the individual "Adam" and the collective "humankind" is a main literary component to the events that occur in the Garden of Eden, the ambiguous meanings embedded throughout the moral, sexual, and spiritual terms of the narrative reflecting the complexity of the human condition. The Bible uses the word אָדָם ( 'adam ) in all of its senses: collectively ("mankind", Genesis 1:27), individually (a "man", Genesis 2:7), gender nonspecific ("man and woman", Genesis 5:1–2), and male ( Genesis 2:23–24). Usage Mankind-human being-male individual The majority view among scholars is that the final text of Genesis dates from the Persian period (the 5th century BCE), but the absence of all the other characters and incidents mentioned in chapters 1–11 of Genesis from the rest of the Hebrew Bible has led a sizeable minority to the conclusion that these chapters were composed much later than those that follow, possibly in the 3rd century BCE. In the entire Hebrew Bible, Adam appears only in chapters 1–5 of the Book of Genesis, with the exception of a mention at the beginning of the Books of Chronicles where, as in Genesis, he heads the list of Israel's ancestors. He also features in later folkloric and mystical elaborations in Judaism, Christianity, and Gnostic religions.Ĭomposition of the Adam narrative And Elohim Created Adam, William Blake ![]() The Genesis creation myth was adopted by both Christianity and Islam, and the name of Adam accordingly appears in the Christian scriptures and in the Quran. Genesis 1 tells of God's creation of the world and its creatures, including adam, meaning humankind in Genesis 2 God forms "Adam", this time meaning a single male human, out of "the dust of the ground", places him in the Garden of Eden, and forms a woman, Eve, as his companion in Genesis 3 Adam and Eve eat the fruit of the tree of knowledge and God condemns Adam to labour on the earth for his food and to return to it on his death Genesis 4 deals with the birth of Adam's sons, and Genesis 5 lists his descendants from Seth to Noah. Beyond its use as the name of the first man, adam is also used in the Bible as a pronoun, individually as "a human" and in a collective sense as "mankind". A Byzantine mosaic in Monreale depicting Adam encountering the pre-incarnate Jesus at the Garden of EdenĬhristianity ( Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Churches, Oriental Orthodox Churches)Īdam is the name given in Genesis 1-5 to the first human.
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